True position to one datum12/30/2023 ![]() ![]() The pointed cylinder surface should lie within its tolerance zone. The reading and interpretation of the example in figure 2 above is as follow. (left) the technical drawing and (right) the GD&T interpretation. Figure 2: Example of the squareness of a surface with regards to the axis of a datum. This tolerance zone is two hypothetical parallel planes that are separated for 0.03 (unit distance) and these parallel planes are perpendicular with respect to the axis of datum A. The axis of the pointed vertical hole should lie within its tolerance zone. The reading and interpretation of the example in figure 1 above is as follow. ![]() Figure 1: Example of the squareness of an axis line with regards to the axis of a datum. Figure 1 and figure 2 show the example of the squareness of an axis (line) with regards to a datum axis and the example of the squareness of a surface with respect to a datum axis, respectively. In this example, there are two squareness examples. READ MORE: Tactile CMM: The reference of dimensional and geometrical measuring machine in industry. The most well-known measuring machine for GD&T verification is coordinate measuring machine (CMM). It is important to note that GD&T tolerance is also knows as geometrical tolerance. Run-out tolerance examples include only profile run-out.įinally, an example of multiple combination of GD&T in one part is also given as the last example in this post. Location tolerance examples include symmetry, concentricity and position. Orientation tolerance examples include squareness/perpendicularity, parallelism and angularity. From these variation chains, the variation of the key characteristics of assemblies, accumulated from the assemblies’ component variations, can be predicted even before the manufacturing of the components and the assembly processes are carried out.įorm tolerance examples include straightness, line profile and surface profile, flatness, roundness (circularity) and cylindricity. In essence, tolerance stack-up analysis is a translation of GD&T symbols in technical drawings into variation transformation chains. The understanding of interpreting GD&T is instrumental to understand and perform 3D tolerance stack-up analyses (and also 2D tolerance analyses). This post presents and discusses real examples on how to interpret GD&T tolerancing symbols from technical drawings.īy reading this post, you will understand how to read and interpret GD&T symbols from any drawings.
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